Multiple messages to You Qing from the Forward have gone unanswered. They see it as a way to become more Israeli and, of course, to improve their Hebrew.. As far as China is concerned, they are now 100% Israeli. [84] Some usages remained. The novel deals with the cultural forces which are gradually eroding the separate identity of the Jews, including intermarriage. . Failure to do so would lead to enslavement. A few work in the government and one has a job with a bank. It is difficult to estimate the number of Jews in China, population count often having to fluctuate constantly due to changes in official attitudes. Michael Freund is the Founder and Chairman of Shavei Israel. A survey in the 80s suggested 140 families in China bore six of the traditional Jewish surnames, with 79 in Kaifeng amounting to 166 individuals. [5][6][7], In the 21st century, both the Sino-Judaic Institute and Shavei Israel sent teachers to Kaifeng to help interested community members learn about their Jewish heritage, building on the pioneering work of the American Judeo-Christian Timothy Lerner. Please visit our donation pagetoday. Converting to Judaism: A Visit to Yad Vashem Holocaust Museum as a Lesson in History and Faith. From Kaifeng to the Kotel: A new exhibit. emissary to India, where he helped to set up the organizations local headquarters and educational centers. Please give generously. Kaifeng in general is a poor city, Barzliay explains. Then in 2005, Shavei Israel arrived. While the descendants of the Kaifeng Jews are assimilated into mainstream Chinese culture, some of them are trying to revive the beliefs and customs of their ancestors. It was in 1127 during the subsequent JinSong Wars that Kaifeng was captured as a result of the Jingkang incident (:Jngkng shbin). He will discuss his globe-trotting work with various As we all know, the world is currently grappling with the unprecedented threat posed by the coronavirus and this of course has affected Shavei Israel and its communities around the globe. They were Jews no longer.. 1,000 Jews cannot be wrong 1,000 Jews cannot be wrong Descendants of centuries-old Jewish community in China's Kaifeng rediscover Jewish heritage after near complete assimilation in local. But since the 1850s, when the synagogue was shuttered and the last rabbi passed away, the Study of Torah Street has been more of a reminder of illustrious days gone by than a living, breathing contemporary reality. (. (, "it is impossible to deny that the Jewish community did exist." Sam Kestenbaum is a contributing editor and former staff writer for the Forward. The Kaifeng Jews ( Chinese: ; pinyin: Kifng Yutiz; Hebrew: Yahdt Qyfeng) are members of a small community of descendants of Chinese Jews in Kaifeng, in the Henan province of China. We have established a new program Campaign Kaifeng to raise money to help bring Li to Israel and ease her transition into Israeli society. We asked Li one more question: what was the happiest moment in your life? Born and raised in the northeastern Indian state of Manipur, Khaute made Aliya in 2000 along with his family. Barnaby Yeh, a Sino-Judaic Institute associate, believes that the crackdown is the result of disputes between rival Kaifeng clans on the ground about the use of foreign Jewish funding and that it also involves one Kaifeng Jew named You Qing who has since moved to the United states . [s][43] The stele sought to assert proof of a long accommodation by Jews to Chinese civilization in order to avoid discriminatory measures. [88] Their registration as "Jewish descendants" (:Yutihudi ) was changed to Han Chinese (:Hn) out of official concerns that an ethnic status might lead them to seek privileges. [1] Under Israel's Law of Return, aliyah requires proof of Jewish descent through at least one grandparent. This has been confirmed by Zhang Qianhong and Li Jingwen in 'Some Observations'." [96], Within the framework of contemporary rabbinic Judaism, matrilineal transmission of Jewishness is predominant, while Chinese Jews based their Jewishness on patrilineal descent. (, "This fits the Chinese pronunciation far better the Hebrew gutteral, Kaifeng played a pivotal role in the diffusion of this often frowned-on practice, which arose among the, "No one seems to have seriously questioned the permissibility of the Kaifeng Jews marrying more than one wife." Please give generously. Like Gao Yichen, whom we profiled earlier, Lis father is one of the communitys leaders. Its called Study of Torah Street in Chinese and for hundreds of years was the center of Jewish life in the ancient Chinese capital of Kaifeng. Getting into China will not be as easy as it sounds, though: China does not allow dual citizenship, so each of the 7 men had to apply for a standard tourist visa. The dynasty was marked by a distinct anti-foreign sentiment expressed in coercive decrees that enforced assimilation, and therefore, Yu infers, the Kaifeng Jews, under the Ming, claimed in their monumental stone inscriptions that their roots in China were ancient, going back at least to the nativist Song if not indeed to the Han period. The Jews themselves were defined as a Hui people, due to similarities between Jewish and Islamic traditions. Around this same time Qing flew to the United State, overstayed her tourist visa, and may have been granted asylum by an immigration court. A Shavei Israel translation of the Shema, a central prayer of Judaism, into Mandarin. Boca Raton, Florida, in 2002. Mizrahi directed Operation Moses and Operation Solomon for the Jewish Agency, which involved the large-scale immigration of Jews from Ethiopia. [71] Ai Tian explained that he was a member of a 1,000 strong Israelite congregation that worshipped one God. He served. From Kaifeng to the Kotel: A new exhibit. Barzliay in his role for Shavei Israel splits his attention between the needs of the community in Kaifeng and the Chinese Jews who have already come to Israel. [21] The dates on the stelae range from 1489 through 1512 and 1663 to 1679. Li is ready. While serving as the Deputy Communications Director under Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in 1997, Freund opened an envelope that arrived in the mail one day. Michael Freund, the founder and chairman of Shavei Israel, a nonprofit that works to reconnect ancient communities around the world with their Jewish heritage, described this in talking about. A beautiful, new, educational exhibit about Kaifeng Jews recently opened at Shavei Israel's Ma'ani Center. [24] These inferences contradict Buddhist records for Ni-wei-ni's visit. After leaving the Prime Ministers Office following the 1999 Israeli elections, Freund worked for the Jerusalem branch of Ruder Finn, the global public relations firm, and went on to found Shavei Israel in 2002. Since 2011, he has served as Shavei Israel's coordinator for the Chinese Jews of Kaifeng, China, and has overseen their immigration and absorption in Israel. Yosefs younger brother Samuel Vaiphei, who , Devastating news has been coming out of Manipur, India. Yosefs younger brother Samuel Vaiphei, who , Devastating news has been coming out of Manipur, India. [65] By sometime after the mid 19th century all of these practices appear to have been abandoned, including the observance of the Sabbath. [86], The Kaifeng Jews are not recognized as a minority among the 55 ethnic groups which have been granted this official status in China. [67][68] Their Pentateuch was divided into 53 sections according to the Persian style. Once discovered, they will be pursued in one way or another until they and their neighbors become so conscious of their 'Jewishness' that the deed will be done even if it will not be halakhically recognized." Police have shut down the only Jewish learning center in Kaifeng, helmed by the Israeli activist group Shavei Israel, say activists. Designed mainly with magnificent pictorial panels, it tells the story of the Kaifeng Jews from the past to the reawakening of their Jewish spirit, to their dreams of aliyah and living As is customary in so many workplaces in Israel, the staff at Shavei Israel had a beautiful 'haramat kosit' - literally a 'raising the glass' to toast the New Year. Today, a number of Muslims (and possibly non-Muslims) have discovered that their ancestors were Kaifeng Jews. Chaya Castillo oversees and directs Shavei Israels outreach work to the Bnei Anousim (Marranos) and the.. Hidden Jews of Poland. They identified this Ni-wei-ni as a Jewish rabbi. note =: nng qing zhu) in Shen-se, who had received it by legacy from a dying Israelite at Canton, and from this Hebrew roll they were able to make several copies." The Sino-Judaic Institute has been active in Kaifeng since the 1980s. The Ming dynasty (13681644), in reaction to the foreign dynasty it replaced, laid down a policy of discrimination against foreigners, such as the resident Mongols and Semu. [15] Some evidence has been interpreted to suggest that their ancestors may have mostly hailed from the Bukharan Jewish branch of Persian Jews who had settled in Central Asia. You must credit the Forward, retain our pixel and preserve our canonical link in Google search. But when asked what she is most proud of in her life, there is no question. Barzilay was in Kaifeng for Sukkot this year and brought with him his Israeli havruta (study partner) from the yeshiva which the two attend. A beautiful, new, educational exhibit about Kaifeng Jews recently opened at Shavei Israel's Ma'ani Center. Since the viral news about the dreidel with Chinese characters, we've been receiving many A beautiful, new, educational exhibit about Kaifeng Jews recently opened at Shavei Israel's Ma'ani Center. Avi Mizrahi is a retired senior Jewish Agency immigration and absorption official who worked on the. . Furthermore, Ni-wei-ni did not bring Western cloth with him, but banyan seeds. In her spare time, she has volunteered helping people with low vision, and at the Hematology department at Shaare Tzedek Medical Center. The new Shavei Israel Center in Kaifeng is notable for another reason: it rectifies a schism that has plagued the community for the past several years when two Jewish schools for the tiny 150-person strong Jewish community were operating and competing for members. The center was at its most energetic during the period of Sukkot; thats because the Chinese and Jewish calendars overlap and the Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival comes out at the same time as Sukkot. Prior to doing so, he taught economics at a high school for four years. [71], Ai said that many other Jews resided in Kaifeng; they had a splendid synagogue (:Lbis), and possessed a great number of written materials and books. [94] The last official census revealed about 400 official Jews in Kaifeng, now estimated at some 100 families totalling approximately 500 people. The founding colony's members may have specialized in the manufacturing, dyeing, or pattern printing of cotton fabrics. [100] A number of surviving written works are housed at Hebrew Union College's Klau Library in Cincinnati, Ohio. We have more about the community and its history on our website. [ap], Kaifeng Jews are not recognized as Jews by birth and are required to formally convert to Judaism in order to receive Israeli citizenship. [35], Recently, Peng Yu has challenged the Song-entry consensus, favouring instead a variant of the "second wave" theory of Kaifeng Jewish origins, one version of which holds that Jews probably figured among the large number of peoples collectively known as the Semu (:smrn) who were captured during Mongol campaigns in the West and conveyed east to serve in the bureaucracy and assist the Mongols in administering China after its conquest. Now there is just one school and everyone is on board. Not by the Chinese government. The more I learn, the more I keep. She, of course, keeps kosher, which she says her friends all respect.. The three international groups working in Kaifeng are sometimes at odds with each other, as each have slightly different approaches and religious orientations. [b] Though some scholars date their arrival to the Tang Dynasty (618907),[8] or even earlier,[c] Steven Sharot, reflecting the majority view,[10] considers that the most probable date for the formation of a Jewish community in Kaifeng was sometime during the Song dynasty (960-1279). The missionary work of Christians from the beginning of the 17th century and the Chinese Bible did not affect them'." S havei Israel was founded in 2002 by Michael Freund, and formally incorporated as an organization in 2004. With some Kaifeng families, Muslim men did marry their Jewish women, but the converse did not happen. (November 29, 2021 / JNS) In honor of Hanukkah, the Jerusalem-based nonprofit Shavei Israel designed and produced hundreds of dreidels with Mandarin lettering for the Chinese Jews of Kaifeng, China, as well as for 20 members of that community who have already made aliyah to Israel with the organization's assistance.. Kaifeng, a city in the central Chinese province of Henan southwest of . [am] In 1948, Samuel Stupa Shih (Shi Hong Mo) () said he saw a Hebrew language "Religion of Israel" Jewish inscription on a tombstone in a Qing dynasty Muslim cemetery to a place west of Hangzhou. [63] Within a few centuries, nonetheless, practices regarding the coming of age ceremony, wedding and death and burial were acclimatized to the respective Chinese customs,[64] though the text of the Kaddish in the Memorial Book suggests the prayer was recited at funerals. Rachel (Kachlon) Zomer serves as Shavei Israels Office Manager in Jerusalem. In the early centuries of their settlement, they may have numbered around 2,500 people. Its unclear. Can you help Li make aliyah and integrate into her new life in Israel? [77], From the 17th century, further assimilation had begun to erode these traditions as the rate of intermarriage between Jews and other ethnic groups such as the Han Chinese increased. In the process, he discovered that all across the world there are lost Jews dreaming of returning to their Jewish roots. On Sundays, there are Skype lessons, currently on Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) with Ari Schaffer, who visited Kaifeng on Shavei Israels behalf last year and is teaching the class from the U.S. See our full guidelines for more information, and this guide for detail about canonical URLs. There were very few people in Kaifeng that I could study with on a deep level, she says. (, The self-published sinologist and independent researcher Tiberiu Weisz undertook a new translation of the stelae, and based on it, he theorizes that after the, "In China, the merchant Jews who arrived around the eleventh century were, given the length, difficulties, and danger of the journey, unlikely to have brought wives with them. The state only protects what they call normal religious activities.. [59][aa] This term arose from observing that, in memory of Jacob's wrestling with the angel, their butchers extracted the sciatic nerve (Gid hanasheh) as required in Nikkur, marking them as distinct from Muslims who otherwise, like them, also refrained from eating pork. Nearly 100 members of the ancient Jewish community of Kaifeng, China, are expected to . [62], In their prayers and liturgy, the traditional community followed Talmudic usage, celebrating all the Jewish festivals, observing the prayers, rituals and days of fasting variously associated with the Jewish Sabbath, Yom Kippur, Rosh Hashanah, Passover, Shavuot, Sukkot, Hanukkah, Purim and Tisha B'Av. Anson Laytner, former president of the Sino-Judaic Institute, has speculated that the growing profile of the Kaifeng Jews including a New York Times post about a Passover seder in 2015 may have raised the ire of some authorities. Last month, Shavei Israel opened a new center for the Jews of Kaifeng in a small but nicely furnished 2-story apartment with a pretty garden featuring a yellow pomegranate tree, just adjacent to the street with the famous Jewish name. (, The language which they spoke was probably, "It was only by way of exception that Jewish persons or activities were of interest to Chinese officials or men of letters. He mentioned that there are still Jews in Kaifeng today, but they are reluctant to reveal themselves "in the current political climate". Under siege, it surrendered to the Mongols in 1233. Originally from New York, she made Aliyah from. [74][af] When he saw a Christian image of The Madonna, Mary with Jesus and John the Baptist, he took it to be a representation of Rebecca with her children Jacob and Esau. This includes the 7 young Jewish men whom we have written about in the past and who recently completed the conversion process in Israel. Blaustein has an MA degree in education, and worked as a teacher of history and ontological coaching in Uruguay, Chile, Argentina, and Israel. (: "Others have favoured an Indian origin, but their arguments do not appear convincing" (, Earlier scholarship transcribed as "Yen-tu-la". Perlmann, a Shanghai businessman and scholar, wrote in 1912 that "they bury their dead in coffins, but of a different shape than those of the Chinese are made, and do not attire the dead in secular clothes as the Chinese do, but in linen." This, it is affirmed, commemorates the construction in 1163 of a synagogue called Qingzhensi (:qngzhns, "True and pure Temple"),[26] the customary term for mosques in China. However the 1479 stone also uses a term "The Temple of Israel" for their synagogue. In the 21st century, efforts have been made to revive Kaifeng's Jewish heritage and encourage the descendants of its original population to convert back to Judaism. There are no specific Chinese monographs on the Jews, as there are, for example, about the Tibetan or Turkish groups with whom the imperial government perforce came into contact." In the early centuries of their settlement, they may have numbered around 2,500 people. and Alternative Medicine Studies in Jerusalem. organizations behalf in countries such as Turkey and Ethiopia. The Seder, which is being organized by Jerusalem-based Shavei Israel, is to be run by 28-year-old Tzuri (Heng) Shi, a former Kaifeng resident who immigrated to Israel and officially. [55] They followed the Chinese custom of foot binding. (, "It is clear from Shi's later descriptions that many of the tombstones he saw were Muslim rather than Jewish, though one, he claimed, read 'Religion of Israel' in Hebrew. In that book, Ruth says to Naomi (1:16): , The Bnei Sefarad community in Cuba is an emerging Jewish community that consists of descendants of Sephardic and Portuguese , The Yad Vashem Holocaust museum in Jerusalem is a poignant and emotional place that serves as a powerful reminder , Shavei Israel opens new center in Kaifeng, China, Converting to Judaism: A Visit to Yad Vashem Holocaust Museum as a Lesson in History and Faith. In the show, a group of European actors joins a troupe of Chinese performers in order to present the story of Chu Chem, a scholar who journeys to Kaifeng with his wife Rose and his daughter Lotte because he wants to learn about his ancestors and find a husband for Lotte. Im a Jew. When I heard how hard he worked to keep kosher in China, I felt I wanted to be that way too.. [18] A century later, the Arab geographer Ab Zayd asan al-Srf mentioned (910) a massacre which occurred in Canton in 878/9 in which not only Muslims and Christians but Jews were also killed, attesting to the latter group's presence in China. In 1953, the central government ruled that Kaifeng Jewry should be treated as a part of the Han nationality. They are today registered as Han. (, "this observer would hazard a guess that some of these 500 Kaifeng Jews will indeed become Jewish over the next several decades, because the Jews of the West will make them into Jews. He eventually marries a high-class Chinese woman, to the consternation of his mother, who is proud of her unmixed heritage. Exist it does, although it once was much larger, numbering as many as 5,000 people at its height during the Middle Ages. 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