Bahrains Sunni-led monarchy dominates state institutions, and elections for the lower house of parliament are no longer competitive or inclusive. Women enjoy legal equality on some issues, and gender-based discrimination in employment is prohibited, but discrimination is common in practice. Do the freely elected head of government and national legislative representatives determine the policies of the government? Citizenship is a unique bond that unites people around civic ideals and a belief in the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution. For the wealthy elites who dominate the business sector, property rights are generally respected, and expropriation is rare. This form is available to file online . Is the government or occupying power deliberately changing the ethnic composition of a country or territory so as to destroy a culture or tip the political balance in favor of another group? Though be forewarned, becoming eligible for UK citizenship by naturalization takes time and money. Were the current national legislative representatives elected through free and fair elections? In some cases, citizenship is conferred through the father or mother exclusively. In most countries citizenship can be acquired through the legal process of naturalization. Learn about naturalization, dual citizenship, and proving or renouncing your citizenship. In 2017, the government restored the National Security Agencys power to make arrests, despite widespread allegations that it had engaged in torture and other abuses, and the constitution was amended to permit military trials for civilians in security-related cases, further weakening due process rights. The government has also allegedly drawn district borders to put certain political societies, including leftist and Sunni Islamist groups, at a disadvantage. Bahrain is not a signatory to the 1951 refugee convention and does not recognize refugee status. Bahraini human rights defenders and their family members are subject to harassment, intimidation, and prosecution. Are individuals free to practice and express their religious faith or nonbelief in public and private? By late that year, according to the United Kingdombased Bahrain Institute for Rights and Democracy, nearly two-thirds of the people whose citizenship had been revoked over the previous seven years had had it restored, leaving nearly 300 denationalized. Noncitizens make up just over half of the total population, and most have no political rights, but the minority of expatriates who own property in the kingdom are allowed to vote in municipal elections. The courts are subject to government pressure in practice. Personal status issues such as marriage, divorce, and child custody are governed by a 2017 unified family law applying to both Sunni and Shiite Muslim families. There is a general perception that Shiite public employees are relegated to nonsecurity ministries, like those focused on health and education, which may put Sunni applicants at a disadvantage in such sectors. Voters passports are stamped to indicate that they have voted, and there is a widespread belief that people who do not have these stamps are at a higher risk of being prevented from travelling. Public displays of same-sex affection could fall afoul of public decency laws. It may be done automatically by a statute, i.e., without any effort on the part of the individual, or it may involve an application or a motion and approval by legal authorities. The penal code includes a variety of punishments for offenses such as insulting the king or state institutions and spreading false news. This is sometimes referred to as establishing citizenship through inheritance rather than residence. Organizers and participants were reportedly summoned by authorities and compelled to sign pledges that they would cease their activities. However, participation in the new scheme has been limited by numerical caps and other restrictions. Many Bahrainis have been convicted and jailed for political speech, including on social media. Discrimination based on sexual orientation is common. Migrant workers also received fewer emergency benefits than citizens. Some employers subject them to forced labor and withhold their salaries and passports, although this is illegal. Citizenship is the common thread that connects all Americans. In fact, the UK has the highest citizenship fees in the world at 1330, or more than $1,600, per adult application. The majority of countries adhere to this practice. The government also obstructs foreign travel by numerous opposition figures and activists. They paid well enough to put his kids through school and. Parliamentary proceedings are public, and the parliament is entitled to scrutinize the government budget, but in practice the executive issues orders and laws without providing insight or allowing meaningful public consultation on their development. There are no elected officials with executive authority. residency requirement for naturalization lists the length of time an applicant is required to live in a state before applying for naturalization. Able to read, write, and speak basic English (depending on age) Of good moral character. . The most popular, the Shiite Islamist society Al-Wefaq, was forcibly disbanded that year for allegedly encouraging violence. Authorities have also warned against online expression that contradicts the foreign policy priorities of Bahrain and its regional allies. citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must have been born in - and continuously lived in - Afghanistandual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Albaniadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the mother must be a citizen of Algeriadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, see United StatesNote: in accordance with US Code Title 8, Section 1408, persons born in American Samoa are US nationals but not US citizens, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the mother must be an Andorran citizen or the father must have been born in Andorra and both parents maintain permanent residence in Andorradual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 25 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Angoladual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 2 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Armeniadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 3 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen or permanent resident of Australiadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 4 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Austriadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of The Bahamasdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 6-9 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Bahraindual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 25 years; 15 years for Arab nationals, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Bangladeshdual citizenship recognized: yes, but limited to select countriesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Belarusdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Belgiumdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Benindual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the UKdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Bhutandual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 3 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Bosnia and Herzegovinadual citizenship recognized: yes, provided there is a bilateral agreement with the other stateresidency requirement for naturalization: 8 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Botswanadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 4 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Bruneidual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 12 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Bulgariadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Burkina Fasodual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Burmadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: nonenote: an applicant for naturalization must be the child or spouse of a citizen, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Burundidual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cabo Verdedual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cambodiadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cameroondual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: minimum of 3 of last 5 years resident in Canada, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: least one parent must be a citizen of the Central African Republicdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 35 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Chaddual citizenship recognized: Chadian law does not address dual citizenshipresidency requirement for naturalization: 15 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: least one parent must be a citizen of Chinadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: while naturalization is theoretically possible, in practical terms it is extremely difficult; residency is required but not specified, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: least one parent must be a citizen or permanent resident of Colombiadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Comorosdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Democratic Republic of the Congodual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Republic of the Congodual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cote d'Ivoiredual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Croatiadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: unknown, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cyprusdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Czechiadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Denmarkdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the mother must be a citizen of Djiboutidual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Dominican Republicdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 2 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 3 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: if the father was born in Egyptdual citizenship recognized: only with prior permission from the governmentresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Equatorial Guineadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Eritreadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 20 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Estoniadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Eswatinidual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Ethiopiadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 4 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Fijidual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: at least 5 years residency out of the 10 years preceding application, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Finlanddual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 6 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Francedual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Gabondual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Georgiadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a German citizen or a resident alien who has lived in Germany at least 8 yearsdual citizenship recognized: yes, but requires prior permission from governmentresidency requirement for naturalization: 8 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent or grandparent must be a citizen of Ghanadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Greecedual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years for persons from a non-Caribbean state and 4 years for a person from a Caribbean state, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years with no absences of six consecutive months or longer or absences totaling more than a year, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Guineadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: na, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: na, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a native-born citizen of Haitidual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: nodual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: not applicablenote: in the Holy See, citizenship is acquired by law, ex iure, or by adminstrative decision; in the first instance, citizenship is a function of holding office within the Holy See as in the case of cardinals resident in Vatican City or diplomats of the Holy See; in the second instance, citizenship may be requested in a limited set of circumstances for those who reside within Vatican City under papal authorization, as a function of their office or service, or as the spouses and children of current citizens; citizenship is lost once an individual no longer permanently resides in Vatican City, normally reverting to the citizenship previously held, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 1 to 3 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Hungarydual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 8 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Icelanddual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 3 to 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Indiadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Indonesiadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 continuous years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Irandual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Iraqdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: no, unless a parent of a child born in Ireland has been legally resident in Ireland for at least three of the four years prior to the birth of the childcitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 4 of the previous 8 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Israeldual citizenship recognized: yes, but naturalized citizens are not allowed to maintain dual citizenshipresidency requirement for naturalization: 3 out of the 5 years preceding the application for naturalizationnote: Israeli law (Law of Return, 5 July 1950) provides for the granting of citizenship to any Jew - defined as a person being born to a Jewish mother or having converted to Judaism while renouncing any other religion - who immigrates to and expresses a desire to settle in Israel on the basis of the Right of aliyah; the 1970 amendment of this act extended the right to family members including the spouse of a Jew, any child or grandchild, and the spouses of children and grandchildren, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Italydual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 4 years for EU nationals, 5 years for refugees and specified exceptions, 10 years for all others, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 4 out of the previous 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Japandual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Jordandual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 15 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Kazakhstandual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Kenyadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 4 out of the previous 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a native-born citizen of Kiribatidual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of North Koreadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: unknown, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of South Koreadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Kosovodual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Kuwaitdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: not specified, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Kyrgyzstandual citizenship recognized: yes, but only if a mutual treaty on dual citizenship is in forceresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Laosdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Latviadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Lebanondual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: unknown, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Liberiadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 2 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent or grandparent must be a citizen of Libyadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: varies from 3 to 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Liechtenstein; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizendual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Lithuaniadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: limited to situations where the parents are either unknown, stateless, or when the nationality law of the parents' state of origin does not permit acquisition of citizenship by descent when the birth occurs outside of national territorycitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Luxembourgdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Madagascar; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizendual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: unknown, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Malawidual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Malaysiadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 out 12 years preceding application, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Maldivesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: unknown, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Malidual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Maltadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Marshall Islandsdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Mauritaniadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 out of the previous 7 years including the last 12 months, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: not specifiedresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of FSMdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Moldovadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Monaco; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizen and father unknowndual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Mongolia; one parent if born within Mongoliadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Montenegrodual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Morocco; if the father is unknown or stateless, the mother must be a citizendual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Mozambiquedual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Namibiadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 15 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Netherlandsdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of New Zealanddual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 3 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: no, except in cases where bilateral agreements existresidency requirement for naturalization: 4 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Nigerdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: unknown, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Nigeriadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 15 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of North Macedoniadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 8 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Norwaydual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Omandual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: unknown, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Pakistandual citizenship recognized: yes, but limited to select countriesresidency requirement for naturalization: 4 out of the previous 7 years and including the 12 months preceding application, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Palaudual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: note - no procedure for naturalization, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Papua New Guineadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 8 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a native-born citizen of Paraguaydual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 3 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Philippinesdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Polanddual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Portugaldual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years; 6 years if from a Portuguese-speaking country, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Qatardual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 20 years; 15 years if an Arab national, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Romaniadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Russiadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 3-5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Rwanda; if the father is stateless or unknown, the mother must be a citizendual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 14 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Saint Luciadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 8 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadinesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Samoadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of San Marinodual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 30 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Sao Tome and Principedual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Saudi Arabia; a child born out of wedlock in Saudi Arabia to a Saudi mother and unknown fatherdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Senegaldual citizenship recognized: no, but Senegalese citizens do not automatically lose their citizenship if they acquire citizenship in another stateresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Serbiadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 3 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Seychellesdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent or grandparent must be a citizen of Sierra Leonedual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Singaporedual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Slovakiadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Slovenia; both parents if the child is born outside of Sloveniadual citizenship recognized: yes, for select casesresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, the last 5 of which have been continuous, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Solomon Islandsdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Somaliadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of South Africadual citizenship recognized: yes, but requires prior permission of the governmentresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 year, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of South Sudandual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Spaindual citizenship recognized: only with select Latin American countriesresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years for persons with no ties to Spain, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Sri Lankadual citizenship recognized: no, except in cases where the government rules it is to the benefit of Sri Lankaresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Sudandual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Surinamedual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Sweden; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizen of Sweden and the father unknowndual citizenship recognized: no, unless the other citizenship was acquired involuntarilyresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Switzerlanddual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 12 years including at least 3 of the last 5 years prior to application, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Syria; if the father is unknown or stateless, the mother must be a citizen of Syriadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Taiwandual citizenship recognized: yes, except that citizens of Taiwan are not recognized as dual citizens of the People's Republic of Chinaresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Tajikistandual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years or 3 years of continuous residence prior to application, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Tanzania; if a child is born abroad, the father must be a citizen of Tanzaniadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Thailanddual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Timor-Lestedual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Togodual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Tonga; if a child is born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizen of Tongadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 8 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Tunisiadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Turkeydual citizenship recognized: yes, but requires prior permission from the governmentresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Turkmenistandual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yes; for a child born abroad, at least one parent must be a citizen of Tuvaludual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: na, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent or grandparent must be a native-born citizen of Ugandadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: an aggregate of 20 years and continuously for the last 2 years prior to applying for citizenship, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Ukrainedual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of the United Arab Emirates; if the father is unknown, the mother must be a citizendual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 30 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the United Kingdomdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: no, but the US government acknowledges such situtations exist; US citizens are not encouraged to seek dual citizenship since it limits protection by the USresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 3-5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Uzbekistandual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Vanuatu; in the case of only one parent, it must be the father who is a citizendual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years; reduced to five years in the case of applicants from Spain, Portugal, Italy, or a Latin American or Caribbean country, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Vietnamdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Yemen; if the father is unknown, the mother must be a citizendual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, citizenship by birth: only if at least one parent is a citizen of Zambiacitizenship by descent only: yes, if at least one parent was a citizen of Zambiadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years for those with an ancestor who was a citizen of Zambia, otherwise 10 years residency is required, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Zimbabwe; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizendual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). 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